Affirming a Child’s Sex Is Not Abuse

Factsheet Gender

Affirming a Child’s Sex Is Not Abuse

September 25, 2026 7 min read Download Report
Laura Bryant Hanford
Senior Policy Analyst, DeVos Center for Human Flourishing
Laura Bryant Hanford is a Senior Policy Analyst in the Richard and Helen DeVos Center for Human Flourishing at The Heritage Foundation.

Summary

Child welfare systems across America are removing children from loving homes—and turning away willing foster and adoptive parents—because parents affirm the reality of a child’s sex. For more than a decade, activists backed by federal funding have trained caseworkers, doctors, therapists, and judges to treat a parent’s refusal to “affirm” a gender-confused child as abuse or neglect. Families from California to Virginia have lost custody, with devastating consequences for children. Congress should bar federal funds from supporting this redefinition of abuse and give parents a private right of action. States should clarify in statute that raising a child according to his or her sex is not abuse, as Indiana, New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Texas have done.

Key Takeaways

Child welfare systems remove children from loving homes and deny foster children placement, because parents affirm the reality of their child’s sex—an ideological redefinition of “abuse.”

Federally funded training has taught caseworkers, doctors, and judges to treat a parent’s refusal to “affirm” a gender-confused child as abuse or neglect.

Congress and the states should make clear that raising a child according to his or her sex is never abuse, establish funding guardrails, and give parents a private right of action.

The Issue

Institutions designed to protect children from abuse face growing scrutiny as disturbing stories emerge of parents who have lost custody of their children to the state because they refused to treat a gender-confused child as the opposite sex. These accounts expose the ideological premise that has quietly overtaken child welfare during the past decade: that it is “abuse” or “neglect” for a parent not to affirm a child’s claim to be the opposite sex.

Backed by billions of dollars in taxpayer funding, child protection systems are being trained to view parental opposition to sex-rejecting interventions as dangerous—a premise that is fundamentally changing how allegations of abuse are evaluated. As a result, children across America are being removed from loving families because their parents affirm the reality of their sex, and willing foster and adoptive parents who hold the same view are being turned away.

This is happening not only in liberal enclaves such as Seattle and in states such as Massachusetts, California, and New York, but also in conservative states such as Indiana and Ohio and in small towns such as Appomattox, Virginia.

Child protection systems should be restored to their purpose: protecting children from harm, not enforcing ideological compliance.

Background

Child protection systems are intertwined with schools, doctors, and the courts. The confidentiality that shields juvenile court proceedings, together with parents’ fear that they will lose their children if they speak out, has enabled the ideological capture of child welfare. Many parents do not realize how radicalized these systems have become until they confront a phalanx of state actors who treat them as abusers for trying to protect a gender-confused child from irreversible harm.

For more than a decade, “affirming” activists have trained every part of the child protection system.

Parents Must “Affirm” or Risk Losing Their Child

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Quick Facts

  • It is never abuse to raise a girl as a girl or a boy as a boy.
  • The constitutional right of parents to raise their children includes the right to affirm a child’s sex.
  • Parents of all religious, political, and ethnic backgrounds are at risk if they affirm the reality of a gender-confused child’s sex.
  • Treating affirmation of a child’s sex as abuse can harm children and families in three ways: (1) wrongfully removing children from loving parents, (2) denying placement with willing foster or adoptive parents, and (3) violating interstate law and custody orders by wrongfully asserting jurisdiction over children who run away or are kidnapped.
  • The Biden Administration’s 2024 foster care rule barred placement of children claiming LGBTQI+ identities with parents who would not actively “affirm” them. Blue states denying such placements have lost thousands of homes available to children in need.
  • Sixteen states and the District of Columbia have “shield” laws protecting providers of sex-rejecting interventions. Children are being lured to run away to states that provide free sex-rejecting interventions to minors in foster care.
  • California, Minnesota, and other states are asserting jurisdiction over children who run away or are taken there to obtain these procedures, in violation of other states’ custody orders.
  • Lawmakers in California and Colorado have repeatedly introduced bills that would make failing to “affirm” a child’s claim to be transgender a form of abuse and would require courts in custody disputes to favor the parent who “affirms.” Parents in these states who sought to protect their children have lost custody to the “affirming” parent.

Solutions

Federal. Congress should enact legislation that prohibits the use of federal funds to treat parents who raise a child according to his or her sex as abusive, to fund training that promotes that view, or to provide sex-rejecting interventions to children in foster care. The legislation should grant parents a private right of action so that they have recourse before irreversible damage is done to the child and to the parent–child relationship. Congress should also ensure that states no longer violate interstate law by wrongfully asserting jurisdiction over children who run away or are taken to them for sex-rejecting interventions.

State. Legislators should clarify in statute that “abuse” does not include raising a child according to his or her sex and should ensure that state systems cannot remove children or deny foster or adoptive placement on that basis or contract with entities that treat it as abuse. Legislators should also grant parents a private right of action.

Indiana, New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Texas have codified that it is not “abuse” to raise a child according to his or her sex, and similar legislation is pending in Ohio.

Authors

Laura Bryant Hanford
Laura Hanford

Senior Policy Analyst, DeVos Center for Human Flourishing

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